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}} Sir John Warcup "Kappa" Cornforth, Jr.,〔(John Cornforth ), NNDB〕 AC, CBE, FRS, FAA (7 September 1917 – 8 December 2013), was an AustralianBritish chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1975 for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalysed reactions,〔Encyclopædia Britannica. (2012.) ("Sir John Cornforth" ).〕 becoming the only Nobel laureate born in New South Wales.〔(Video interview with scientist John `Kappa` Cornforth who was born in Australia, )〕〔(Obituary of Cornforth, NYTimes )〕 Cornforth investigated enzymes that catalyse changes in organic compounds, the substrates, by taking the place of hydrogen atoms in a substrate's chains and rings. In his syntheses and descriptions of the structure of various terpenes, olefins, and steroids, Cornforth determined specifically which cluster of hydrogen atoms in a substrate were replaced by an enzyme to effect a given change in the substrate, allowing him to detail the biosynthesis of cholesterol.〔(Deaf Scientist Corner - John Warcup Cornforth ), Texas Woman's University〕 For this work, he won a share of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1975, alongside co-recipient Vladimir Prelog, and was knighted in 1977.〔(John Cornforth ), Royal Institution of Australia〕 ==Early life== Born in Sydney, New South Wales, Cornforth was the son and the second of four children of English-born, Oxford-educated schoolmaster and teacher John Warcup Cornforth and Hilda Eipper (1887–1969), a granddaughter of pioneering missionary and Presbyterian minister Christopher Eipper. Before her marriage, Eipper had been a maternity nurse.〔〔(Sir John Cornforth - Chemistry ), The University of Sydney〕 Cornforth was raised in Sydney as well as Armidale, in the north of New South Wales,〔(John Cornforth - Autobiography ), NobelPrize.org〕 where he undertook primary school education.〔 At about 10 years old,〔(Jim Eckert writes about the Cornforths ), The University of Sydney〕 Cornforth had noted signs of deafness, which led to a diagnosis of otosclerosis, a disease of the inner ear which causes progressive hearing loss. This would leave him completely deaf by the age of 20 but also fatefully influence his career direction towards chemistry.〔(John Cornforth ), biotechnology-innovation.com.au〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Cornforth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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